What is transpiration in plants?

Transpiration is a vital process in plants where water is lost primarily through small openings on the underside of leaves known as stomata. This process not only helps in regulating water levels within the plant but also creates a negative pressure that assists in the upward movement of water and nutrients from the roots through the xylem. Additionally, transpiration plays a crucial role in temperature regulation within the plant and can influence the overall health and growth of the plant.

The other options refer to different biological processes. The production of flowers relates to reproduction, nutrient absorption involves roots taking up water and minerals from the soil, and photosynthesis is the method by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy using carbon dioxide and water. Each of these processes is essential but distinctly different from the function and importance of transpiration.