What is the process by which plants lose water through their leaves?

The process by which plants lose water through their leaves is called transpiration. Transpiration primarily occurs through tiny openings on the leaves known as stomata. As water evaporates from these stomata into the atmosphere, it creates a negative pressure within the plant, which helps draw more water and nutrients up from the roots through the xylem. This process is crucial for maintaining plant health and plays a significant role in the water cycle, as it contributes to moisture in the air.

Evaporation refers to the general process where liquid turns into vapor, which can occur independently of plant physiology. Condensation involves the transformation of vapor back into liquid droplets, typically occurring in the atmosphere. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, and while it is important in plant functions (especially in root uptake), it is not specifically related to the loss of water through leaves.